- Nociceptors and sensory transduction
- Spinal cord processing and The Gate Control Theory
- Brain networks involved in pain (pain matrix)
- Ascending and descending modulation
- Central and peripheral sensitization
- Neuroplasticity and chronic pain
- Neuroimmune interactions (glia and cytokines)
- Key brain regions involved in pain (insula, ACC, PFC, thalamus, PAG, etc.)
- Placebo & Nocebo Mechanisms